- 1. API with NestJS #1. Controllers, routing and the module structure
- 2. API with NestJS #2. Setting up a PostgreSQL database with TypeORM
- 3. API with NestJS #3. Authenticating users with bcrypt, Passport, JWT, and cookies
- 4. API with NestJS #4. Error handling and data validation
- 5. API with NestJS #5. Serializing the response with interceptors
- 6. API with NestJS #6. Looking into dependency injection and modules
- 7. API with NestJS #7. Creating relationships with Postgres and TypeORM
- 8. API with NestJS #8. Writing unit tests
- 9. API with NestJS #9. Testing services and controllers with integration tests
- 10. API with NestJS #10. Uploading public files to Amazon S3
- 11. API with NestJS #11. Managing private files with Amazon S3
- 12. API with NestJS #12. Introduction to Elasticsearch
- 13. API with NestJS #13. Implementing refresh tokens using JWT
- 14. API with NestJS #14. Improving performance of our Postgres database with indexes
- 15. API with NestJS #15. Defining transactions with PostgreSQL and TypeORM
- 16. API with NestJS #16. Using the array data type with PostgreSQL and TypeORM
- 17. API with NestJS #17. Offset and keyset pagination with PostgreSQL and TypeORM
- 18. API with NestJS #18. Exploring the idea of microservices
- 19. API with NestJS #19. Using RabbitMQ to communicate with microservices
- 20. API with NestJS #20. Communicating with microservices using the gRPC framework
- 21. API with NestJS #21. An introduction to CQRS
- 22. API with NestJS #22. Storing JSON with PostgreSQL and TypeORM
- 23. API with NestJS #23. Implementing in-memory cache to increase the performance
- 24. API with NestJS #24. Cache with Redis. Running the app in a Node.js cluster
- 25. API with NestJS #25. Sending scheduled emails with cron and Nodemailer
- 26. API with NestJS #26. Real-time chat with WebSockets
- 27. API with NestJS #27. Introduction to GraphQL. Queries, mutations, and authentication
- 28. API with NestJS #28. Dealing in the N + 1 problem in GraphQL
- 29. API with NestJS #29. Real-time updates with GraphQL subscriptions
- 30. API with NestJS #30. Scalar types in GraphQL
- 31. API with NestJS #31. Two-factor authentication
- 32. API with NestJS #32. Introduction to Prisma with PostgreSQL
- 33. API with NestJS #33. Managing PostgreSQL relationships with Prisma
- 34. API with NestJS #34. Handling CPU-intensive tasks with queues
- 35. API with NestJS #35. Using server-side sessions instead of JSON Web Tokens
- 36. API with NestJS #36. Introduction to Stripe with React
- 37. API with NestJS #37. Using Stripe to save credit cards for future use
- 38. API with NestJS #38. Setting up recurring payments via subscriptions with Stripe
- 39. API with NestJS #39. Reacting to Stripe events with webhooks
- 40. API with NestJS #40. Confirming the email address
- 41. API with NestJS #41. Verifying phone numbers and sending SMS messages with Twilio
- 42. API with NestJS #42. Authenticating users with Google
- 43. API with NestJS #43. Introduction to MongoDB
- 44. API with NestJS #44. Implementing relationships with MongoDB
- 45. API with NestJS #45. Virtual properties with MongoDB and Mongoose
- 46. API with NestJS #46. Managing transactions with MongoDB and Mongoose
- 47. API with NestJS #47. Implementing pagination with MongoDB and Mongoose
- 48. API with NestJS #48. Definining indexes with MongoDB and Mongoose
- 49. API with NestJS #49. Updating with PUT and PATCH with MongoDB and Mongoose
- 50. API with NestJS #50. Introduction to logging with the built-in logger and TypeORM
- 51. API with NestJS #51. Health checks with Terminus and Datadog
- 52. API with NestJS #52. Generating documentation with Compodoc and JSDoc
- 53. API with NestJS #53. Implementing soft deletes with PostgreSQL and TypeORM
- 54. API with NestJS #54. Storing files inside a PostgreSQL database
- 55. API with NestJS #55. Uploading files to the server
- 56. API with NestJS #56. Authorization with roles and claims
- 57. API with NestJS #57. Composing classes with the mixin pattern
- 58. API with NestJS #58. Using ETag to implement cache and save bandwidth
- 59. API with NestJS #59. Introduction to a monorepo with Lerna and Yarn workspaces
- 60. API with NestJS #60. The OpenAPI specification and Swagger
- 61. API with NestJS #61. Dealing with circular dependencies
- 62. API with NestJS #62. Introduction to MikroORM with PostgreSQL
- 63. API with NestJS #63. Relationships with PostgreSQL and MikroORM
- 64. API with NestJS #64. Transactions with PostgreSQL and MikroORM
- 65. API with NestJS #65. Implementing soft deletes using MikroORM and filters
- 66. API with NestJS #66. Improving PostgreSQL performance with indexes using MikroORM
- 67. API with NestJS #67. Migrating to TypeORM 0.3
- 68. API with NestJS #68. Interacting with the application through REPL
- 69. API with NestJS #69. Database migrations with TypeORM
- 70. API with NestJS #70. Defining dynamic modules
- 71. API with NestJS #71. Introduction to feature flags
- 72. API with NestJS #72. Working with PostgreSQL using raw SQL queries
- 73. API with NestJS #73. One-to-one relationships with raw SQL queries
- 74. API with NestJS #74. Designing many-to-one relationships using raw SQL queries
- 75. API with NestJS #75. Many-to-many relationships using raw SQL queries
- 76. API with NestJS #76. Working with transactions using raw SQL queries
- 77. API with NestJS #77. Offset and keyset pagination with raw SQL queries
- 78. API with NestJS #78. Generating statistics using aggregate functions in raw SQL
- 79. API with NestJS #79. Implementing searching with pattern matching and raw SQL
- 80. API with NestJS #80. Updating entities with PUT and PATCH using raw SQL queries
- 81. API with NestJS #81. Soft deletes with raw SQL queries
- 82. API with NestJS #82. Introduction to indexes with raw SQL queries
- 83. API with NestJS #83. Text search with tsvector and raw SQL
- 84. API with NestJS #84. Implementing filtering using subqueries with raw SQL
- 85. API with NestJS #85. Defining constraints with raw SQL
- 86. API with NestJS #86. Logging with the built-in logger when using raw SQL
- 87. API with NestJS #87. Writing unit tests in a project with raw SQL
- 88. API with NestJS #88. Testing a project with raw SQL using integration tests
- 89. API with NestJS #89. Replacing Express with Fastify
- 90. API with NestJS #90. Using various types of SQL joins
- 91. API with NestJS #91. Dockerizing a NestJS API with Docker Compose
- 92. API with NestJS #92. Increasing the developer experience with Docker Compose
- 93. API with NestJS #93. Deploying a NestJS app with Amazon ECS and RDS
- 94. API with NestJS #94. Deploying multiple instances on AWS with a load balancer
- 95. API with NestJS #95. CI/CD with Amazon ECS and GitHub Actions
- 96. API with NestJS #96. Running unit tests with CI/CD and GitHub Actions
- 97. API with NestJS #97. Introduction to managing logs with Amazon CloudWatch
- 98. API with NestJS #98. Health checks with Terminus and Amazon ECS
- 99. API with NestJS #99. Scaling the number of application instances with Amazon ECS
- 100. API with NestJS #100. The HTTPS protocol with Route 53 and AWS Certificate Manager
- 101. API with NestJS #101. Managing sensitive data using the AWS Secrets Manager
- 102. API with NestJS #102. Writing unit tests with Prisma
- 103. API with NestJS #103. Integration tests with Prisma
- 104. API with NestJS #104. Writing transactions with Prisma
- 105. API with NestJS #105. Implementing soft deletes with Prisma and middleware
- 106. API with NestJS #106. Improving performance through indexes with Prisma
- 107. API with NestJS #107. Offset and keyset pagination with Prisma
- 108. API with NestJS #108. Date and time with Prisma and PostgreSQL
- 109. API with NestJS #109. Arrays with PostgreSQL and Prisma
- 110. API with NestJS #110. Managing JSON data with PostgreSQL and Prisma
- 111. API with NestJS #111. Constraints with PostgreSQL and Prisma
- 112. API with NestJS #112. Serializing the response with Prisma
- 113. API with NestJS #113. Logging with Prisma
- 114. API with NestJS #114. Modifying data using PUT and PATCH methods with Prisma
- 115. API with NestJS #115. Database migrations with Prisma
- 116. API with NestJS #116. REST API versioning
- 117. API with NestJS #117. CORS – Cross-Origin Resource Sharing
- 118. API with NestJS #118. Uploading and streaming videos
- 119. API with NestJS #119. Type-safe SQL queries with Kysely and PostgreSQL
- 120. API with NestJS #120. One-to-one relationships with the Kysely query builder
- 121. API with NestJS #121. Many-to-one relationships with PostgreSQL and Kysely
- 122. API with NestJS #122. Many-to-many relationships with Kysely and PostgreSQL
- 123. API with NestJS #123. SQL transactions with Kysely
- 124. API with NestJS #124. Handling SQL constraints with Kysely
- 125. API with NestJS #125. Offset and keyset pagination with Kysely
- 126. API with NestJS #126. Improving the database performance with indexes and Kysely
- 127. API with NestJS #127. Arrays with PostgreSQL and Kysely
- 128. API with NestJS #128. Managing JSON data with PostgreSQL and Kysely
- 129. API with NestJS #129. Implementing soft deletes with SQL and Kysely
- 130. API with NestJS #130. Avoiding storing sensitive information in API logs
- 131. API with NestJS #131. Unit tests with PostgreSQL and Kysely
- 132. API with NestJS #132. Handling date and time in PostgreSQL with Kysely
- 133. API with NestJS #133. Introducing database normalization with PostgreSQL and Prisma
- 134. API with NestJS #134. Aggregating statistics with PostgreSQL and Prisma
- 135. API with NestJS #135. Referential actions and foreign keys in PostgreSQL with Prisma
- 136. API with NestJS #136. Raw SQL queries with Prisma and PostgreSQL range types
- 137. API with NestJS #137. Recursive relationships with Prisma and PostgreSQL
- 138. API with NestJS #138. Filtering records with Prisma
- 139. API with NestJS #139. Using UUID as primary keys with Prisma and PostgreSQL
- 140. API with NestJS #140. Using multiple PostgreSQL schemas with Prisma
- 141. API with NestJS #141. Getting distinct records with Prisma and PostgreSQL
- 142. API with NestJS #142. A video chat with WebRTC and React
- 143. API with NestJS #143. Optimizing queries with views using PostgreSQL and Kysely
- 144. API with NestJS #144. Creating CLI applications with the Nest Commander
- 145. API with NestJS #145. Securing applications with Helmet
- 146. API with NestJS #146. Polymorphic associations with PostgreSQL and Prisma
- 147. API with NestJS #147. The data types to store money with PostgreSQL and Prisma
- 148. API with NestJS #148. Understanding the injection scopes
- 149. API with NestJS #149. Introduction to the Drizzle ORM with PostgreSQL
- 150. API with NestJS #150. One-to-one relationships with the Drizzle ORM
- 151. API with NestJS #151. Implementing many-to-one relationships with Drizzle ORM
- 152. API with NestJS #152. SQL constraints with the Drizzle ORM
- 153. API with NestJS #153. SQL transactions with the Drizzle ORM
- 154. API with NestJS #154. Many-to-many relationships with Drizzle ORM and PostgreSQL
- 155. API with NestJS #155. Offset and keyset pagination with the Drizzle ORM
- 156. API with NestJS #156. Arrays with PostgreSQL and the Drizzle ORM
- 157. API with NestJS #157. Handling JSON data with PostgreSQL and the Drizzle ORM
- 158. API with NestJS #158. Soft deletes with the Drizzle ORM
- 159. API with NestJS #159. Date and time with PostgreSQL and the Drizzle ORM
- 160. API with NestJS #160. Using views with the Drizzle ORM and PostgreSQL
- 161. API with NestJS #161. Generated columns with the Drizzle ORM and PostgreSQL
- 162. API with NestJS #162. Identity columns with the Drizzle ORM and PostgreSQL
- 163. API with NestJS #163. Full-text search with the Drizzle ORM and PostgreSQL
- 164. API with NestJS #164. Improving the performance with indexes using Drizzle ORM
- 165. API with NestJS #165. Time intervals with the Drizzle ORM and PostgreSQL
- 166. API with NestJS #166. Logging with the Drizzle ORM
- 167. API with NestJS #167. Unit tests with the Drizzle ORM
- 168. API with NestJS #168. Integration tests with the Drizzle ORM
- 169. API with NestJS #169. Unique IDs with UUIDs using Drizzle ORM and PostgreSQL
- 170. API with NestJS #170. Polymorphic associations with PostgreSQL and Drizzle ORM
- 171. API with NestJS #171. Recursive relationships with Drizzle ORM and PostgreSQL
- 172. API with NestJS #172. Database normalization with Drizzle ORM and PostgreSQL
- 173. API with NestJS #173. Storing money with Drizzle ORM and PostgreSQL
- 174. API with NestJS #174. Multiple PostgreSQL schemas with Drizzle ORM
- 175. API with NestJS #175. PUT and PATCH requests with PostgreSQL and Drizzle ORM
- 176. API with NestJS #176. Database migrations with the Drizzle ORM
- 177. API with NestJS #177. Response serialization with the Drizzle ORM
- 178. API with NestJS #178. Storing files inside of a PostgreSQL database with Drizzle
- 179. API with NestJS #179. Pattern matching search with Drizzle ORM and PostgreSQL
- 180. API with NestJS #180. Organizing Drizzle ORM schema with PostgreSQL
In our web applications, we often need to send messages to our users. Doing that through email is enough in a lot of cases, but we can also use SMS. In this article, we look into how we can use Twilio for verifying phone numbers provided by our users and sending messages.
Setting up Twilio
First, we need to create a Twilio account. It is a straightforward process that doesn’t require us to provide a credit card number.
After creating the Twilio account, we need to set up a service. In Twilio, a service acts as a set of common configurations used to perform phone number verification.
To define a service, we need to go to the services dashboard. When choosing a name for the service, remember that our users can see it.
The crucial part of the above process is the service id. We need to use it along with the account sid and auth token that we can find in the console.
app.module.ts
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import { Module } from '@nestjs/common'; import { ConfigModule } from '@nestjs/config'; import * as Joi from '@hapi/joi'; @Module({ imports: [ ConfigModule.forRoot({ validationSchema: Joi.object({ TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID: Joi.string().required(), TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN: Joi.string().required(), TWILIO_VERIFICATION_SERVICE_SID: Joi.string().required() // ... }) }), ], // ... }) export class AppModule {} |
.env
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TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID=... TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN=... TWILIO_VERIFICATION_SERVICE_SID=... # ... |
Using Twilio with Node.js
To use Twilio with Node.js, we can use the official Twilio library. It comes with all necessary TypeScript declarations built-in.
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npm install twilio |
Make sure to install the correct library. A few months ago a malicious package called twilio-npm was published that aimed to compromise the machines of people who downloaded it. If you want to know more, check out this article.
Let’s create the SmsService that uses the above library along with our environment variables.
sms.service.ts
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import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common'; import { ConfigService } from '@nestjs/config'; import { Twilio } from 'twilio'; import { UsersService } from '../users/users.service'; @Injectable() export default class SmsService { private twilioClient: Twilio; constructor( private readonly configService: ConfigService ) { const accountSid = configService.get('TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID'); const authToken = configService.get('TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN'); this.twilioClient = new Twilio(accountSid, authToken); } } |
Verifying phone numbers
For us, the first step in verifying phone numbers is adding additional fields in the User entity.
user.entity.ts
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import { Column, Entity, PrimaryGeneratedColumn } from 'typeorm'; @Entity() class User { @PrimaryGeneratedColumn() public id: number; @Column({ unique: true }) public email: string; @Column() public phoneNumber: string; @Column({ default: false }) public isPhoneNumberConfirmed: boolean; // ... } export default User; |
It is crucial for the phoneNumber to be in the right format. The Twilio documentation suggests a regular expression that we can use.
register.dto.ts
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import { IsEmail, IsString, IsNotEmpty, MinLength, Matches } from 'class-validator'; export class RegisterDto { @IsEmail() email: string; @IsString() @IsNotEmpty() name: string; @IsString() @IsNotEmpty() @MinLength(7) password: string; @IsString() @IsNotEmpty() @Matches(/^\+[1-9]\d{1,14}$/) phoneNumber: string; } export default RegisterDto; |
If we would like to be more strict with the phone number validation, we could use the Lookup API that Twilio provides. With it, we can make a request to the Twilio API every time our users set a phone number and check if it is valid. Remember that every request we make to the Lookup API costs a little.
Initiating the SMS verification
Let’s add a function to our SmsService that can initiate SMS verification.
sms.service.ts
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import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common'; import { ConfigService } from '@nestjs/config'; import { Twilio } from 'twilio'; import { UsersService } from '../users/users.service'; @Injectable() export default class SmsService { private twilioClient: Twilio; constructor( private readonly configService: ConfigService, private readonly usersService: UsersService ) { const accountSid = configService.get('TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID'); const authToken = configService.get('TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN'); this.twilioClient = new Twilio(accountSid, authToken); } initiatePhoneNumberVerification(phoneNumber: string) { const serviceSid = this.configService.get('TWILIO_VERIFICATION_SERVICE_SID'); return this.twilioClient.verify.services(serviceSid) .verifications .create({ to: phoneNumber, channel: 'sms' }) } } |
Let’s also create a SmsController that uses it.
sms.controller.ts
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import { Controller, UseGuards, UseInterceptors, ClassSerializerInterceptor, Post, Req, BadRequestException, } from '@nestjs/common'; import SmsService from './sms.service'; import JwtAuthenticationGuard from '../authentication/jwt-authentication.guard'; import RequestWithUser from '../authentication/requestWithUser.interface'; @Controller('sms') @UseInterceptors(ClassSerializerInterceptor) export default class SmsController { constructor( private readonly smsService: SmsService ) {} @Post('initiate-verification') @UseGuards(JwtAuthenticationGuard) async initiatePhoneNumberVerification(@Req() request: RequestWithUser) { if (request.user.isPhoneNumberConfirmed) { throw new BadRequestException('Phone number already confirmed'); } await this.smsService.initiatePhoneNumberVerification(request.user.phoneNumber); } } |
Requesting the above endpoint results in Twilio sending the SMS to the user.
Twilio figures out the language based on the country code in the phone number. We could override it by using the locale property:
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initiatePhoneNumberVerification(phoneNumber: string) { const serviceSid = this.configService.get('TWILIO_VERIFICATION_SERVICE_SID'); return this.twilioClient.verify.services(serviceSid) .verifications .create({ to: phoneNumber, channel: 'sms', locale: 'en' }) } |
Confirming the verification code
Now, we need to create a way for the users to send the verification code back to our API. To do that, let’s create an additional method in our SmsService:
sms.service.ts
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import { BadRequestException, Injectable } from '@nestjs/common'; import { ConfigService } from '@nestjs/config'; import { Twilio } from 'twilio'; import { UsersService } from '../users/users.service'; @Injectable() export default class SmsService { private twilioClient: Twilio; constructor( private readonly configService: ConfigService, private readonly usersService: UsersService ) { const accountSid = configService.get('TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID'); const authToken = configService.get('TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN'); this.twilioClient = new Twilio(accountSid, authToken); } async confirmPhoneNumber(userId: number, phoneNumber: string, verificationCode: string) { const serviceSid = this.configService.get('TWILIO_VERIFICATION_SERVICE_SID'); const result = await this.twilioClient.verify.services(serviceSid) .verificationChecks .create({to: phoneNumber, code: verificationCode}) if (!result.valid || result.status !== 'approved') { throw new BadRequestException('Wrong code provided'); } await this.usersService.markPhoneNumberAsConfirmed(userId) } // ... } |
You might notice that we use the usersService.markPhoneNumberAsConfirmed method above. We first need to define it.
users.service.ts
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import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common'; import { InjectRepository } from '@nestjs/typeorm'; import { Repository } from 'typeorm'; import User from './user.entity'; @Injectable() export class UsersService { constructor( @InjectRepository(User) private usersRepository: Repository<User>, ) {} markPhoneNumberAsConfirmed(userId: number) { return this.usersRepository.update({ id: userId }, { isPhoneNumberConfirmed: true }); } // ... } |
The last step of implementing the code verification is adding it to the controller.
sms.controller.ts
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import { Body, Controller, UseGuards, UseInterceptors, ClassSerializerInterceptor, Post, Req, BadRequestException, } from '@nestjs/common'; import SmsService from './sms.service'; import JwtAuthenticationGuard from '../authentication/jwt-authentication.guard'; import RequestWithUser from '../authentication/requestWithUser.interface'; import CheckVerificationCodeDto from './checkVerificationCode.dto'; @Controller('sms') @UseInterceptors(ClassSerializerInterceptor) export default class SmsController { constructor( private readonly smsService: SmsService ) {} @Post('check-verification-code') @UseGuards(JwtAuthenticationGuard) async checkVerificationCode(@Req() request: RequestWithUser, @Body() verificationData: CheckVerificationCodeDto) { if (request.user.isPhoneNumberConfirmed) { throw new BadRequestException('Phone number already confirmed'); } await this.smsService.confirmPhoneNumber(request.user.id, request.user.phoneNumber, verificationData.code); } // ... } |
Sending messages
The first step in sending messages through Twilio is choosing a phone number from the provided list.
We have an amount of money we can spend for free during the trial period in Twilio.
We also need to add the purchased number to our environment variables.
app.module.ts
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import { Module } from '@nestjs/common'; import { ConfigModule } from '@nestjs/config'; import * as Joi from '@hapi/joi'; @Module({ imports: [ ConfigModule.forRoot({ validationSchema: Joi.object({ TWILIO_SENDER_PHONE_NUMBER: Joi.string().required(), // ... }) }), // ... ], }) export class AppModule {} |
.env
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TWILIO_SENDER_PHONE_NUMBER="(818) 924-3975" # ... |
The last step is adding a new method to our SmsService:
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import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common'; import { Twilio } from 'twilio'; @Injectable() export default class SmsService { private twilioClient: Twilio; // ... async sendMessage(receiverPhoneNumber: string, message: string) { const senderPhoneNumber = this.configService.get('TWILIO_SENDER_PHONE_NUMBER'); return this.twilioClient.messages .create({ body: message, from: senderPhoneNumber, to: receiverPhoneNumber }) } } |
Using the above method results in sending SMS to the provided phone number.
Summary
In this article, we’ve used Twilio for implementing SMS messages. This included both validating the phone numbers of our users and sending messages. Although the trial period in Twilio has some limitations, we are free to experiment with the API. Therefore, feel free to look into more of the built-in features and explore.
can we do the same with using Sendgrid services ?